ROLES, in collaboration with the Institute for Strategic Studies, National Security Council, Mongolia (ISS), hosted an international conference titled, "50 Years of the Helsinki Final Act: European Experience and Asian Future." The event took place on August 25 and 26, 2025.

Held at a venue within Mongolia's Terelj National Park, with support from JICA and the Hanns-Seidel Foundation, the conference commemorated the 50th anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act. It served as an opportunity to reflect on Europe's experience and to discuss confidence-building and security cooperation in Asia. The two-day conference brought together over 30 researchers, experts, and former diplomats from Japan, Mongolia, Germany, and Finland for a lively discussion.

Papers based on presentations from this conference have been published, with eight currently available, and more are scheduled for publication in due course.


Tsukasa HOTTA “Towards a Pan-European Security: The Soviet Union and the Origins of the Helsinki Final Act”（ROLES Report No.63）【pdf】

Hirofumi KOSAKA “From Confidence-Building Measures to Arms Control and Disarmament in the Helsinki Process: Lessons and Implications for Asia’s Future”（ROLES Report No.64）【pdf】

CHANDMANI Sukhbaatar “Mongolia’s strategic choice- the OSCE”（ROLES Report No.65）【pdf】

Bart Gaens “Looking back to the Helsinki Final Act: What made it possible and what is its contemporary relevance for Asia?”（ROLES Report No.66）【pdf】

Yoko IWAMA “The “German Problem” and the Helsinki Process”（ROLES Report No.67）【pdf】

Naoko KUWAHARA “ “Rule of Law” and Japanese Approach to Legal Technical Assistance A Comparative Perspective on Strengthening Security in International Development- Cases from Europe, Japan, and Mongolia”（ROLES Report No.68）【pdf】

Pit Heltmann “Divided Germany and Divided Korea after 1949 - A tale of cautious convergence and massive divergence -”（ROLES Report No.69）【pdf】

Nobumasa AKIYAMA “Imagining a Future Arms Control and Disarmament Regime in Asia”（ROLES Report No.70）【pdf】